Thomas Jefferson University

Elena Brachtel

TitleProfessor
InstitutionThomas Jefferson University
DepartmentPathology
Address1020 Locust St.
Philadelphia PA 19107
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    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Faculty can login to make corrections and additions.
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    PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Sgroi DC, Treuner K, Zhang Y, Piper T, Salunga R, Ahmed I, Doos L, Thornber S, Taylor KJ, Brachtel E, Pirrie S, Schnabel CA, Rea D, Bartlett JMS. Correlative studies of the Breast Cancer Index (HOXB13/IL17BR) and ER, PR, AR, AR/ER ratio and Ki67 for prediction of extended endocrine therapy benefit: a Trans-aTTom study. Breast Cancer Res. 2022 12 16; 24(1):90. PMID: 36527133.
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    2. Waks AG, Kim D, Jain E, Snow C, Kirkner GJ, Rosenberg SM, Oh C, Poorvu PD, Ruddy KJ, Tamimi RM, Peppercorn J, Schapira L, Borges VF, Come SE, Brachtel EF, Warner E, Collins LC, Partridge AH, Wagle N. Somatic and Germline Genomic Alterations in Very Young Women with Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2022 Jun 01; 28(11):2339-2348. PMID: 35101884.
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    3. Bartlett JMS, Sgroi DC, Treuner K, Zhang Y, Piper T, Salunga RC, Ahmed I, Doos L, Thornber S, Taylor KJ, Brachtel EF, Pirrie SJ, Schnabel CA, Rea DW. Breast Cancer Index Is a Predictive Biomarker of Treatment Benefit and Outcome from Extended Tamoxifen Therapy: Final Analysis of the Trans-aTTom Study. Clin Cancer Res. 2022 May 02; 28(9):1871-1880. PMID: 35144966.
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    4. Ferraro GB, Ali A, Luengo A, Kodack DP, Deik A, Abbott KL, Bezwada D, Blanc L, Prideaux B, Jin X, Posada JM, Chen J, Chin CR, Amoozgar Z, Ferreira R, Chen IX, Naxerova K, Ng C, Westermark AM, Duquette M, Roberge S, Lindeman NI, Lyssiotis CA, Nielsen J, Housman DE, Duda DG, Brachtel E, Golub TR, Cantley LC, Asara JM, Davidson SM, Fukumura D, Dartois VA, Clish CB, Jain RK, Vander Heiden MG. Author Correction: Fatty acid synthesis is required for breast cancer brain metastasis. Nat Cancer. 2021 11; 2(11):1243. PMID: 35122065.
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    5. Guzmán-Arocho YD, Rosenberg SM, Garber JE, Vardeh H, Poorvu PD, Ruddy KJ, Kirkner G, Snow C, Tamimi RM, Peppercorn J, Schapira L, Borges VF, Come SE, Brachtel EF, Marotti JD, Warner E, Partridge AH, Collins LC. Clinicopathological features and BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation status in a prospective cohort of young women with breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 2022 02; 126(2):302-309. PMID: 34703009.
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    6. Hajjarian Z, Brachtel EF, Tshikudi DM, Nadkarni SK. Mapping Mechanical Properties of the Tumor Microenvironment by Laser Speckle Rheological Microscopy. Cancer Res. 2021 09 15; 81(18):4874-4885. PMID: 34526347.
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    7. Ferraro GB, Ali A, Luengo A, Kodack DP, Deik A, Abbott KL, Bezwada D, Blanc L, Prideaux B, Jin X, Posada JM, Chen J, Chin CR, Amoozgar Z, Ferreira R, Chen IX, Naxerova K, Ng C, Westermark AM, Duquette M, Roberge S, Lindeman NI, Lyssiotis CA, Nielsen J, Housman DE, Duda DG, Brachtel E, Golub TR, Cantley LC, Asara JM, Davidson SM, Fukumura D, Dartois VA, Clish CB, Jain RK, Vander Heiden MG. FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS IS REQUIRED FOR BREAST CANCER BRAIN METASTASIS. Nat Cancer. 2021 04; 2(4):414-428. PMID: 34179825.
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    8. Lanahan CR, Kelly BN, Gadd MA, Specht MC, Brown CL, Hughes KS, Tang R, Rai U, Brachtel EF, Rice-Stitt T, Smith BL. Performance of a novel protease-activated fluorescent imaging system for intraoperative detection of residual breast cancer during breast conserving surgery. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2021 May; 187(1):145-153. PMID: 33611664.
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    9. Smith BL, Lanahan CR, Specht MC, Kelly BN, Brown C, Strasfeld DB, Ferrer JM, Rai U, Tang R, Rice-Stitt T, Biernacka A, Brachtel EF, Gadd MA. Correction to: Feasibility Study of a Novel Protease-Activated Fluorescent Imaging System for Real-Time, Intraoperative Detection of Residual Breast Cancer in Breast Conserving Surgery. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020 Dec; 27(Suppl 3):967. PMID: 32170477.
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    10. Rath M, Li Q, Li H, Lindström S, Miron A, Miron P, Dowton AA, Meyer ME, Larson BG, Pomerantz M, Seo JH, Collins LC, Vardeh H, Brachtel E, Come SE, Borges V, Schapira L, Tamimi RM, Partridge AH, Freedman M, Ruddy KJ. Correction: Evaluation of significant genome-wide association studies risk-SNPs in young breast cancer patients. PLoS One. 2020; 15(3):e0230529. PMID: 32163513.
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    11. Smith BL, Lanahan CR, Specht MC, Kelly BN, Brown C, Strasfeld DB, Ferrer JM, Rai U, Tang R, Rice-Stitt T, Biernacka A, Brachtel EF, Gadd MA. Feasibility Study of a Novel Protease-Activated Fluorescent Imaging System for Real-Time, Intraoperative Detection of Residual Breast Cancer in Breast Conserving Surgery. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020 Jun; 27(6):1854-1861. PMID: 31898104.
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    12. Bartlett JMS, Sgroi DC, Treuner K, Zhang Y, Ahmed I, Piper T, Salunga R, Brachtel EF, Pirrie SJ, Schnabel CA, Rea DW. Breast Cancer Index and prediction of benefit from extended endocrine therapy in breast cancer patients treated in the Adjuvant Tamoxifen-To Offer More? (aTTom) trial. Ann Oncol. 2019 11 01; 30(11):1776-1783. PMID: 31504126.
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    13. Hoda RS, Brachtel EF. International Academy of Cytology Yokohama System for Reporting Breast Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Cytopathology: A Review of Predictive Values and Risks of Malignancy. Acta Cytol. 2019; 63(4):292-301. PMID: 31141809.
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    14. Rath M, Li Q, Li H, Lindström S, Miron A, Miron P, Dowton AE, Meyer ME, Larson BG, Pomerantz M, Seo JH, Collins LC, Vardeh H, Brachtel E, Come SE, Borges V, Schapira L, Tamimi RM, Partridge AH, Freedman M, Ruddy KJ. Evaluation of significant genome-wide association studies risk - SNPs in young breast cancer patients. PLoS One. 2019; 14(5):e0216997. PMID: 31125336.
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    15. Field AS, Raymond WA, Rickard M, Arnold L, Brachtel EF, Chaiwun B, Chen L, Di Bonito L, Kurtycz DFI, Lee AHS, Lim E, Ljung BM, Michelow P, Osamura RY, Pinamonti M, Sauer T, Segara D, Tse G, Vielh P, Chong PY, Schmitt F. The International Academy of Cytology Yokohama System for Reporting Breast Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Cytopathology. Acta Cytol. 2019; 63(4):257-273. PMID: 31112942.
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    16. Hoda RS, Arpin Iii RN, Gottumukkala RV, Hughes KS, Ly A, Brachtel EF. Diagnostic Value of Fine-Needle Aspiration in Male Breast Lesions. Acta Cytol. 2019; 63(4):319-327. PMID: 30904908.
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    17. Gao Y, Brachtel EF, Hernandez O, Heller SL. An Analysis of Nipple Enhancement at Breast MRI with Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation. Radiographics. 2019 Jan-Feb; 39(1):10-27. PMID: 30547729.
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    18. Bardia A, Hovnanian MD, Brachtel EF, Nardi V. Case 35-2018: A 68-Year-Old Woman with Back Pain and a Remote History of Breast Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018 Nov 15; 379(20):1946-1953. PMID: 30428289.
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    19. Pickel H, Brachtel E, Young RH. XXXI. Julius Schottlaender. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2018 Nov; 37(6):590-595. PMID: 30300259.
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    20. Spring L, Niemierko A, Haddad S, Yuen M, Comander A, Reynolds K, Shin J, Bahn A, Brachtel E, Specht M, Smith BL, Taghian A, Jimenez R, Peppercorn J, Isakoff SJ, Moy B, Bardia A. Effectiveness and tolerability of neoadjuvant pertuzumab-containing regimens for HER2-positive localized breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Dec; 172(3):733-740. PMID: 30220055.
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    21. Smith BL, Gadd MA, Lanahan CR, Rai U, Tang R, Rice-Stitt T, Merrill AL, Strasfeld DB, Ferrer JM, Brachtel EF, Specht MC. Real-time, intraoperative detection of residual breast cancer in lumpectomy cavity walls using a novel cathepsin-activated fluorescent imaging system. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Sep; 171(2):413-420. PMID: 29948401.
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    22. Naxerova K, Reiter JG, Brachtel E, Lennerz JK, van de Wetering M, Rowan A, Cai T, Clevers H, Swanton C, Nowak MA, Elledge SJ, Jain RK. Origins of lymphatic and distant metastases in human colorectal cancer. Science. 2017 Jul 07; 357(6346):55-60. PMID: 28684519.
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    23. Kodack DP, Askoxylakis V, Ferraro GB, Sheng Q, Badeaux M, Goel S, Qi X, Shankaraiah R, Cao ZA, Ramjiawan RR, Bezwada D, Patel B, Song Y, Costa C, Naxerova K, Wong CSF, Kloepper J, Das R, Tam A, Tanboon J, Duda DG, Miller CR, Siegel MB, Anders CK, Sanders M, Estrada MV, Schlegel R, Arteaga CL, Brachtel E, Huang A, Fukumura D, Engelman JA, Jain RK. The brain microenvironment mediates resistance in luminal breast cancer to PI3K inhibition through HER3 activation. Sci Transl Med. 2017 05 24; 9(391). PMID: 28539475.
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    24. Gao Y, Dialani V, DeBenedectis C, Johnson N, Brachtel E, Slanetz P. Apocrine Metaplasia Found at MR Biopsy: Is There Something to be Learned? Breast J. 2017 Jul; 23(4):429-435. PMID: 28079289.
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    25. Merrill AL, Buckley J, Tang R, Brachtel E, Rai U, Michaelson J, Ly A, Specht MC, Yagi Y, Smith BL. A Study of the Growth Patterns of Breast Carcinoma Using 3D Reconstruction: A Pilot Study. Breast J. 2017 Jan; 23(1):83-89. PMID: 27860134.
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    26. Miles WO, Lembo A, Volorio A, Brachtel E, Tian B, Sgroi D, Provero P, Dyson N. Alternative Polyadenylation in Triple-Negative Breast Tumors Allows NRAS and c-JUN to Bypass PUMILIO Posttranscriptional Regulation. Cancer Res. 2016 12 15; 76(24):7231-7241. PMID: 27758885.
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    27. Dong J, Ly A, Arpin R, Ahmed Q, Brachtel E. Breast fine needle aspiration continues to be relevant in a large academic medical center: experience from Massachusetts General Hospital. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2016 07; 158(2):297-305. PMID: 27383478.
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    28. Brachtel EF, Operaña TN, Sullivan PS, Kerr SE, Cherkis KA, Schroeder BE, Dry SM, Schnabel CA. Molecular classification of cancer with the 92-gene assay in cytology and limited tissue samples. Oncotarget. 2016 May 10; 7(19):27220-31. PMID: 27034010.
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    29. Tang R, Coopey SB, Merrill AL, Rai U, Specht MC, Gadd MA, Colwell AS, Austen WG, Brachtel EF, Smith BL. Positive Nipple Margins in Nipple-Sparing Mastectomies: Rates, Management, and Oncologic Safety. J Am Coll Surg. 2016 06; 222(6):1149-55. PMID: 27118712.
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    30. Brachtel EF, Johnson NB, Huck AE, Rice-Stitt TL, Vangel MG, Smith BL, Tearney GJ, Kang D. Spectrally encoded confocal microscopy for diagnosing breast cancer in excision and margin specimens. Lab Invest. 2016 Apr; 96(4):459-67. PMID: 26779830.
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    31. Sarraj WM, Tang R, Najjar AL, Griffin M, Bui AH, Zambeli-Ljepovic A, Senter-Zapata M, Lewin-Berlin M, Fernandez L, Buckley J, Ly A, Brachtel E, Aftreth O, Gilbertson J, Yagi Y, Gadd M, Hughes KS, Smith BL, Michaelson JS. Prediction of primary breast cancer size and T-stage using micro-computed tomography in lumpectomy specimens. J Pathol Inform. 2015; 6:60. PMID: 26730350.
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    32. Tang R, Saksena M, Coopey SB, Fernandez L, Buckley JM, Lei L, Aftreth O, Koerner F, Michaelson J, Rafferty E, Brachtel E, Smith BL. Intraoperative micro-computed tomography (micro-CT): a novel method for determination of primary tumour dimensions in breast cancer specimens. Br J Radiol. 2016; 89(1058):20150581. PMID: 26568439.
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    33. Askoxylakis V, Ferraro GB, Kodack DP, Badeaux M, Shankaraiah RC, Seano G, Kloepper J, Vardam T, Martin JD, Naxerova K, Bezwada D, Qi X, Selig MK, Brachtel E, Duda DG, Huang P, Fukumura D, Engelman JA, Jain RK. Preclinical Efficacy of Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine in the Brain Microenvironment. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2016 Feb; 108(2). PMID: 26547932.
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    34. Collins LC, Gelber S, Marotti JD, White S, Ruddy K, Brachtel EF, Schapira L, Come SE, Borges VF, Schedin P, Warner E, Wensley T, Tamimi RM, Winer EP, Partridge AH. Molecular Phenotype of Breast Cancer According to Time Since Last Pregnancy in a Large Cohort of Young Women. Oncologist. 2015 Jul; 20(7):713-8. PMID: 26025931.
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    35. Wilbur DC, Brachtel EF, Gilbertson JR, Jones NC, Vallone JG, Krishnamurthy S. Whole slide imaging for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 immunohistochemistry interpretation: Accuracy, Precision, and reproducibility studies for digital manual and paired glass slide manual interpretation. J Pathol Inform. 2015; 6:22. PMID: 26110090.
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    36. Gao Y, Saksena MA, Brachtel EF, terMeulen DC, Rafferty EA. How to approach breast lesions in children and adolescents. Eur J Radiol. 2015 Jul; 84(7):1350-64. PMID: 25958188.
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    37. Tang R, Coopey SB, Specht MC, Lei L, Gadd MA, Hughes KS, Brachtel EF, Smith BL. Lumpectomy specimen margins are not reliable in predicting residual disease in breast conserving surgery. Am J Surg. 2015 Jul; 210(1):93-8. PMID: 25613784.
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    38. Dong F, Irshad H, Oh EY, Lerwill MF, Brachtel EF, Jones NC, Knoblauch NW, Montaser-Kouhsari L, Johnson NB, Rao LK, Faulkner-Jones B, Wilbur DC, Schnitt SJ, Beck AH. Computational pathology to discriminate benign from malignant intraductal proliferations of the breast. PLoS One. 2014; 9(12):e114885. PMID: 25490766.
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    39. Jones NC, Nazarian RM, Duncan LM, Kamionek M, Lauwers GY, Tambouret RH, Wu CL, Nielsen GP, Brachtel EF, Mark EJ, Sadow PM, Grabbe JP, Wilbur DC. Interinstitutional whole slide imaging teleconsultation service development: assessment using internal training and clinical consultation cases. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2015 May; 139(5):627-35. PMID: 25415180.
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    40. Yu M, Bardia A, Aceto N, Bersani F, Madden MW, Donaldson MC, Desai R, Zhu H, Comaills V, Zheng Z, Wittner BS, Stojanov P, Brachtel E, Sgroi D, Kapur R, Shioda T, Ting DT, Ramaswamy S, Getz G, Iafrate AJ, Benes C, Toner M, Maheswaran S, Haber DA. Cancer therapy. Ex vivo culture of circulating breast tumor cells for individualized testing of drug susceptibility. Science. 2014 Jul 11; 345(6193):216-20. PMID: 25013076.
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    41. Wang Y, Li W, Patel SS, Cong J, Zhang N, Sabbatino F, Liu X, Qi Y, Huang P, Lee H, Taghian A, Li JJ, DeLeo AB, Ferrone S, Epperly MW, Ferrone CR, Ly A, Brachtel EF, Wang X. Blocking the formation of radiation-induced breast cancer stem cells. Oncotarget. 2014 Jun 15; 5(11):3743-55. PMID: 25003837.
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    42. Camp MS, Coopey SB, Tang R, Colwell A, Specht M, Greenup RA, Gadd MA, Brachtel E, Austen WG, Smith BL. Management of positive sub-areolar/nipple duct margins in nipple-sparing mastectomies. Breast J. 2014 Jul-Aug; 20(4):402-7. PMID: 24890641.
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    43. Naxerova K, Brachtel E, Salk JJ, Seese AM, Power K, Abbasi B, Snuderl M, Chiang S, Kasif S, Jain RK. Hypermutable DNA chronicles the evolution of human colon cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 May 06; 111(18):E1889-98. PMID: 24753616.
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    44. Corben AD, Abi-Raad R, Popa I, Teo CH, Macklin EA, Koerner FC, Taghian AG, Brachtel EF. Pathologic response and long-term follow-up in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a comparison between classifications and their practical application. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2013 Aug; 137(8):1074-82. PMID: 23899063.
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    45. Kerr SE, Schnabel CA, Sullivan PS, Zhang Y, Huang VJ, Erlander MG, Brachtel EF, Dry SM. A 92-gene cancer classifier predicts the site of origin for neuroendocrine tumors. Mod Pathol. 2014 Jan; 27(1):44-54. PMID: 23846576.
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    46. Patel MM, Lefebvre DR, Lee NG, Brachtel E, Rizzo J, Freitag SK. Gaze-evoked amaurosis from orbital breast carcinoma metastasis. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2013 Jul-Aug; 29(4):e98-e101. PMID: 23446302.
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    47. Tang R, Coopey SB, Buckley JM, Aftreth OP, Fernandez LJ, Brachtel EF, Michaelson JS, Gadd MA, Specht MC, Koerner FC, Smith BL. A pilot study evaluating shaved cavity margins with micro-computed tomography: a novel method for predicting lumpectomy margin status intraoperatively. Breast J. 2013 Sep-Oct; 19(5):485-9. PMID: 23773680.
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    48. Yeshi MM, Tambouret RH, Brachtel EF. Fine-needle aspiration cytology in Ethiopia. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2013 Jun; 137(6):791-7. PMID: 23721274.
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    49. Tang R, Buckley JM, Fernandez L, Coopey S, Aftreth O, Michaelson J, Saksena M, Lei L, Specht M, Gadd M, Yagi Y, Rafferty E, Brachtel E, Smith BL. Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT): a novel approach for intraoperative breast cancer specimen imaging. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2013 Jun; 139(2):311-6. PMID: 23670129.
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    50. Ozkumur E, Shah AM, Ciciliano JC, Emmink BL, Miyamoto DT, Brachtel E, Yu M, Chen PI, Morgan B, Trautwein J, Kimura A, Sengupta S, Stott SL, Karabacak NM, Barber TA, Walsh JR, Smith K, Spuhler PS, Sullivan JP, Lee RJ, Ting DT, Luo X, Shaw AT, Bardia A, Sequist LV, Louis DN, Maheswaran S, Kapur R, Haber DA, Toner M. Inertial focusing for tumor antigen-dependent and -independent sorting of rare circulating tumor cells. Sci Transl Med. 2013 Apr 03; 5(179):179ra47. PMID: 23552373.
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    51. Yu M, Bardia A, Wittner BS, Stott SL, Smas ME, Ting DT, Isakoff SJ, Ciciliano JC, Wells MN, Shah AM, Concannon KF, Donaldson MC, Sequist LV, Brachtel E, Sgroi D, Baselga J, Ramaswamy S, Toner M, Haber DA, Maheswaran S. Circulating breast tumor cells exhibit dynamic changes in epithelial and mesenchymal composition. Science. 2013 Feb 01; 339(6119):580-4. PMID: 23372014.
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    52. Brachtel E. Molecular Pathology of the Breast. Surg Pathol Clin. 2012 Dec; 5(4):793-819. PMID: 26838504.
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    53. Kerr SE, Schnabel CA, Sullivan PS, Zhang Y, Singh V, Carey B, Erlander MG, Highsmith WE, Dry SM, Brachtel EF. Multisite validation study to determine performance characteristics of a 92-gene molecular cancer classifier. Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Jul 15; 18(14):3952-60. PMID: 22648269.
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    54. Pashtan IM, Recht A, Ancukiewicz M, Brachtel E, Abi-Raad RF, D'Alessandro HA, Levy A, Wo JY, Hirsch AE, Kachnic LA, Goldberg S, Specht M, Gadd M, Smith BL, Powell SN, Taghian AG. External beam accelerated partial-breast irradiation using 32 gy in 8 twice-daily fractions: 5-year results of a prospective study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Nov 01; 84(3):e271-7. PMID: 22652104.
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    55. Malon C, Brachtel E, Cosatto E, Graf HP, Kurata A, Kuroda M, Meyer JS, Saito A, Wu S, Yagi Y. Mitotic figure recognition: agreement among pathologists and computerized detector. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst). 2012; 35(2):97-100. PMID: 21965283.
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    56. Brachtel E, Yagi Y. Digital imaging in pathology--current applications and challenges. J Biophotonics. 2012 Apr; 5(4):327-35. PMID: 22213680.
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    57. Collins LC, Marotti JD, Gelber S, Cole K, Ruddy K, Kereakoglow S, Brachtel EF, Schapira L, Come SE, Winer EP, Partridge AH. Pathologic features and molecular phenotype by patient age in a large cohort of young women with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012 Feb; 131(3):1061-6. PMID: 22080245.
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    58. Mordes DA, Brachtel EF. Cytopathology of subacute thyroiditis. Diagn Cytopathol. 2012 May; 40(5):433-4. PMID: 22045514.
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    59. Chiba N, Comaills V, Shiotani B, Takahashi F, Shimada T, Tajima K, Winokur D, Hayashida T, Willers H, Brachtel E, Vivanco MD, Haber DA, Zou L, Maheswaran S. Homeobox B9 induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-associated radioresistance by accelerating DNA damage responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Feb 21; 109(8):2760-5. PMID: 21930940.
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    60. Possemato R, Marks KM, Shaul YD, Pacold ME, Kim D, Birsoy K, Sethumadhavan S, Woo HK, Jang HG, Jha AK, Chen WW, Barrett FG, Stransky N, Tsun ZY, Cowley GS, Barretina J, Kalaany NY, Hsu PP, Ottina K, Chan AM, Yuan B, Garraway LA, Root DE, Mino-Kenudson M, Brachtel EF, Driggers EM, Sabatini DM. Functional genomics reveal that the serine synthesis pathway is essential in breast cancer. Nature. 2011 Aug 18; 476(7360):346-50. PMID: 21760589.
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    61. Takahashi F, Chiba N, Tajima K, Hayashida T, Shimada T, Takahashi M, Moriyama H, Brachtel E, Edelman EJ, Ramaswamy S, Maheswaran S. Breast tumor progression induced by loss of BTG2 expression is inhibited by targeted therapy with the ErbB/HER inhibitor lapatinib. Oncogene. 2011 Jul 07; 30(27):3084-95. PMID: 21339742.
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    62. Muss HB, D'Alessandro HA, Brachtel EF. Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case 15-2010. An 85-year-old woman with mammographically detected early breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2010 May 20; 362(20):1921-8. PMID: 20484399.
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    63. Boutrus R, Abi-Raad R, Niemierko A, Brachtel EF, Rizk L, Kelada A, Taghian AG. Does lymphovascular invasion predict regional nodal failure in breast cancer patients with zero to three positive lymph nodes treated with conserving surgery and radiotherapy? Implications for regional radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010 Nov 01; 78(3):793-8. PMID: 20171799.
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    64. Hayashida T, Takahashi F, Chiba N, Brachtel E, Takahashi M, Godin-Heymann N, Gross KW, Vivanco Md, Wijendran V, Shioda T, Sgroi D, Donahoe PK, Maheswaran S. HOXB9, a gene overexpressed in breast cancer, promotes tumorigenicity and lung metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jan 19; 107(3):1100-5. PMID: 20080567.
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    65. Brachtel EF, Rusby JE, Michaelson JS, Chen LL, Muzikansky A, Smith BL, Koerner FC. Occult nipple involvement in breast cancer: clinicopathologic findings in 316 consecutive mastectomy specimens. J Clin Oncol. 2009 Oct 20; 27(30):4948-54. PMID: 19720921.
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    66. Yu M, Smolen GA, Zhang J, Wittner B, Schott BJ, Brachtel E, Ramaswamy S, Maheswaran S, Haber DA. A developmentally regulated inducer of EMT, LBX1, contributes to breast cancer progression. Genes Dev. 2009 Aug 01; 23(15):1737-42. PMID: 19651985.
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    67. Rusby JE, Brachtel EF, Othus M, Michaelson JS, Koerner FC, Smith BL. Development and validation of a model predictive of occult nipple involvement in women undergoing mastectomy. Br J Surg. 2008 Nov; 95(11):1356-61. PMID: 18844271.
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    68. Rusby JE, Kirstein LJ, Brachtel EF, Michaelson JS, Koerner FC, Smith BL. Nipple-sparing mastectomy: lessons from ex vivo procedures. Breast J. 2008 Sep-Oct; 14(5):464-70. PMID: 18821932.
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    69. Winer EP, Harris JR, Smith BL, D'Alessandro HA, Brachtel EF. Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case 32-2007. A 62-year-old woman with a second breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2007 Oct 18; 357(16):1640-8. PMID: 17942877.
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    70. Rusby JE, Brachtel EF, Taghian A, Michaelson JS, Koerner FC, Smith BL. George Peters Award. Microscopic anatomy within the nipple: implications for nipple-sparing mastectomy. Am J Surg. 2007 Oct; 194(4):433-7. PMID: 17826051.
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    71. Brachtel EF, Iafrate AJ, Mark EJ, Deshpande V. Cytomorphological correlates of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in lung carcinoma. Diagn Cytopathol. 2007 May; 35(5):257-62. PMID: 17427221.
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    72. Rusby JE, Brachtel EF, Michaelson JS, Koerner FC, Smith BL. Breast duct anatomy in the human nipple: three-dimensional patterns and clinical implications. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2007 Dec; 106(2):171-9. PMID: 17221150.
      Citations:    
    73. Kawakubo H, Brachtel E, Hayashida T, Yeo G, Kish J, Muzikansky A, Walden PD, Maheswaran S. Loss of B-cell translocation gene-2 in estrogen receptor-positive breast carcinoma is associated with tumor grade and overexpression of cyclin d1 protein. Cancer Res. 2006 Jul 15; 66(14):7075-82. PMID: 16849553.
      Citations:    
    74. Michaels PJ, Brachtel EF, Bounds BC, Brugge WR, Pitman MB. Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas: cytologic features predict histologic grade. Cancer. 2006 Jun 25; 108(3):163-73. PMID: 16550572.
      Citations:    
    75. Oliva E, Sarri? D, Brachtel EF, S?nchez-Est?vez C, Soslow RA, Moreno-Bueno G, Palacios J. High frequency of beta-catenin mutations in borderline endometrioid tumours of the ovary. J Pathol. 2006 Apr; 208(5):708-13. PMID: 16429393.
      Citations:    
    76. Brachtel EF, Sánchez-Estevez C, Moreno-Bueno G, Prat J, Palacios J, Oliva E. Distinct molecular alterations in complex endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) with and without immature squamous metaplasia (squamous morules). Am J Surg Pathol. 2005 Oct; 29(10):1322-9. PMID: 16160475.
      Citations:    
    77. Ryan DP, Fernandez-del Castillo C, Willett CG, Brugge WR, Sahani D, Brachtel EF. Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case 20-2005. A 58-year-old man with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. N Engl J Med. 2005 Jun 30; 352(26):2734-41. PMID: 15987923.
      Citations:    
    78. Krakauer EL, Zhu AX, Bounds BC, Sahani D, McDonald KR, Brachtel EF. Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 6-2005. A 58-year-old man with esophageal cancer and nausea, vomiting, and intractable hiccups. N Engl J Med. 2005 Feb 24; 352(8):817-25. PMID: 15728815.
      Citations:    
    79. Siegler G, Meyer B, Dawson C, Brachtel E, Lennerz J, Koch C, Kremmer E, Niedobitek E, Gonnella R, Pilch BZ, Young LS, Niedobitek G. Expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: possible upregulation by Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1. Int J Cancer. 2004 Nov 01; 112(2):265-72. PMID: 15352039.
      Citations:    
    80. Kawakubo H, Carey JL, Brachtel E, Gupta V, Green JE, Walden PD, Maheswaran S. Expression of the NF-kappaB-responsive gene BTG2 is aberrantly regulated in breast cancer. Oncogene. 2004 Oct 28; 23(50):8310-9. PMID: 15378000.
      Citations:    
    81. Heussinger N, Büttner M, Ott G, Brachtel E, Pilch BZ, Kremmer E, Niedobitek G. Expression of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) in EBV-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Pathol. 2004 Jun; 203(2):696-9. PMID: 15141385.
      Citations:    
    82. Harisinghani MG, Dixon WT, Saksena MA, Brachtel E, Blezek DJ, Dhawale PJ, Torabi M, Hahn PF. MR lymphangiography: imaging strategies to optimize the imaging of lymph nodes with ferumoxtran-10. Radiographics. 2004 May-Jun; 24(3):867-78. PMID: 15143236.
      Citations:    
    83. Hoshiya Y, Gupta V, Kawakubo H, Brachtel E, Carey JL, Sasur L, Scott A, Donahoe PK, Maheswaran S. Mullerian inhibiting substance promotes interferon gamma-induced gene expression and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem. 2003 Dec 19; 278(51):51703-12. PMID: 14532292.
      Citations:    
    84. Brachtel EF, Pilch BZ, Khettry U, Zembowicz A, Faquin WC. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of a cystic pleomorphic adenoma with extensive adnexa-like differentiation: differential diagnostic pitfall with mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Diagn Cytopathol. 2003 Feb; 28(2):100-3. PMID: 12561031.
      Citations:    
    85. Brachtel EF, Mascola JR, Wear DJ, Ehrenberg PK, Dayhoff DE, Sanders-Buell E, Michael NL, Frankel SS. Demonstration of de novo HIV type 1 production by detection of multiply spliced and unspliced HIV type 1 RNA in paraffin-embedded tonsils. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2002 Jul 20; 18(11):785-90. PMID: 12167270.
      Citations:    
    86. Wu SJ, Grouard-Vogel G, Sun W, Mascola JR, Brachtel E, Putvatana R, Louder MK, Filgueira L, Marovich MA, Wong HK, Blauvelt A, Murphy GS, Robb ML, Innes BL, Birx DL, Hayes CG, Frankel SS. Human skin Langerhans cells are targets of dengue virus infection. Nat Med. 2000 Jul; 6(7):816-20. PMID: 10888933.
      Citations:    
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