Thomas Jefferson University

Robert Locke

TitleVolunteer Faculty
InstitutionThomas Jefferson University
DepartmentFaculty Records and Publicatio - Thomas Jefferson University
Address833 Chestnut Street
Philadelphia PA 19023
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    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Faculty can login to make corrections and additions.
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    PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Gable M, Shaffer TH, Locke R, Mackley A, Kovatis KZ. The impact of kangaroo mother care on work of breathing and oxygen saturation in very low birth weight infants with respiratory insufficiency. J Neonatal Perinatal Med. 2023; 16(1):141-150. PMID: 36314219.
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    2. Webster JL, Paul D, Purtle J, Locke R, Goldstein ND. State-Level Social and Economic Policies and Their Association With Perinatal and Infant Outcomes. Milbank Q. 2022 03; 100(1):218-260. PMID: 35128726.
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    3. Lafferty MA, Mackley A, Green P, Ottenthal D, Locke R, Guillen U. Can Mozart Improve Weight Gain and Development of Feeding Skills in Premature Infants? A Randomized Trial. Am J Perinatol. 2023 05; 40(7):793-798. PMID: 34157772.
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    4. Kovatis KZ, Locke RG, Mackley AB, Subedi K, Shaffer TH. Adjustment of high flow nasal cannula rates using real-time work of breathing indices in premature infants with respiratory insufficiency. J Perinatol. 2021 07; 41(7):1711-1717. PMID: 33664469.
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    5. Ivashchuk A, Guillen U, Mackley A, Locke R, Sturtz W. Parental protective factors and stress in NICU mothers and fathers. J Perinatol. 2021 08; 41(8):2000-2008. PMID: 33339983.
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    6. Goldstein ND, Palumbo AJ, Bellamy SL, Purtle J, Locke R. State and Local Government Expenditures and Infant Mortality in the United States. Pediatrics. 2020 11; 146(5). PMID: 33077541.
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    7. Lembeck AL, Tuttle D, Locke R, Lawler L, Jimenez P, Mackley A, Paul DA. Breastfeeding and Formula Selection in Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome. Am J Perinatol. 2021 12; 38(14):1488-1493. PMID: 32604445.
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    8. Hubbard G, Thompson CW, Locke R, Jenkins D, Munoz SA, Van Woerden H, Maxwell M, Yang Y, Gorely T. Co-production of "nature walks for wellbeing" public health intervention for people with severe mental illness: use of theory and practical know-how. BMC Public Health. 2020 Apr 01; 20(1):428. PMID: 32238165.
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    9. Lembeck AL, Tuttle D, Locke R, Lawler L, Jimenez P, Mackley A, Paul DA. Outcome Differences in Neonates Exposed In-Utero to Opioids Managed in the NICU Versus Pediatric Floor. J Addict Med. 2019 Jan/Feb; 13(1):75-78. PMID: 30252690.
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    10. Costa JD, Sadashiv S, Hesler J, Locke RG, Blackson TJ, Mackley AB. Tidal volume monitoring during emergency neonatal transport. J Perinatol. 2018 12; 38(12):1631-1635. PMID: 30291321.
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    11. Kenaley KM, Blackson T, Boylan L, Ciarlo J, Antunes M, Shaffer TH, Locke R. Impact of endotracheal tube biofilm and respiratory secretions on airway resistance and mechanics of breathing in a neonatal lung model. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2018 Oct 01; 125(4):1227-1231. PMID: 30048200.
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    12. Paul DA, Goldstein ND, Locke R. Delaware Infant Mortality. Dela J Public Health. 2018 May; 4(3):24-31. PMID: 34466974.
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    13. Goldstein ND, Kenaley KM, Locke R, Paul DA. The Joint Effects of Antenatal Steroids and Gestational Age on Improved Outcomes in Neonates. Matern Child Health J. 2018 03; 22(3):384-390. PMID: 29127622.
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    14. Strouss L, Goldstein ND, Locke R, Paul DA. Vascular placental pathology and the relationship between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in very low birth weight infants. J Perinatol. 2018 04; 38(4):324-331. PMID: 29311628.
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    15. Acheson A, Vaidy A, Stomieroski K, Thompson DR, Maiden KM, Ehrenthal DB, Yezdani S, Bhat AM, Locke R, Bartoshesky LE. Surveillance of ventricular septal defects in Delaware. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2016 Nov; 106(11):888-893. PMID: 27891775.
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    16. Mackley A, Winter M, Guillen U, Paul DA, Locke R. Health Literacy Among Parents of Newborn Infants. Adv Neonatal Care. 2016 Aug; 16(4):283-8. PMID: 27391562.
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    17. Freibott C, Guillen U, Mackley A, Locke R. Parental and staff perspectives of NICU research procedures. BMC Pediatr. 2016 05 10; 16:63. PMID: 27165303.
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    18. Capan M, Hoover S, Jackson EV, Paul D, Locke R. Time Series Analysis for Forecasting Hospital Census: Application to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Appl Clin Inform. 2016; 7(2):275-89. PMID: 27437040.
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    19. Ziegler KA, Paul DA, Hoffman M, Locke R. Variation in NICU Admission Rates Without Identifiable Cause. Hosp Pediatr. 2016 May; 6(5):255-60. PMID: 27117951.
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    20. Pearlman SA, Zern SC, Blackson T, Ciarlo JA, Mackley AB, Locke RG. Use of neonatal simulation models to assess competency in bag-mask ventilation. J Perinatol. 2016 Mar; 36(3):242-6. PMID: 26583941.
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    21. Ellefson AM, Locke RG, Zhao Y, Mackley AB, Paul DA. Increased monocytes and bands following a red blood cell transfusion. J Perinatol. 2016 Jan; 36(1):57-60. PMID: 26540250.
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    22. de Jongh BE, Mackley A, Jain N, Locke R, Paul DA. Effects of advanced maternal age and race/ethnicity on placental weight and placental weight/birthweight ratio in very low birthweight infants. Matern Child Health J. 2015 Jul; 19(7):1553-8. PMID: 25567078.
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    23. Novitsky A, Tuttle D, Locke RG, Saiman L, Mackley A, Paul DA. Prolonged early antibiotic use and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low birth weight infants. Am J Perinatol. 2015 Jan; 32(1):43-8. PMID: 24792766.
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    24. de Jongh BE, Paul DA, Hoffman M, Locke R. Effects of pre-pregnancy obesity, race/ethnicity and prematurity. Matern Child Health J. 2014 Apr; 18(3):511-7. PMID: 23797268.
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    25. Strouss L, Mackley A, Guillen U, Paul DA, Locke R. Complementary and Alternative Medicine use in women during pregnancy: do their healthcare providers know? BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Mar 04; 14:85. PMID: 24592860.
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    26. de Jongh BE, Locke R, Mackley A, Emberger J, Bostick D, Stefano J, Rodriguez E, Shaffer TH. Work of breathing indices in infants with respiratory insufficiency receiving high-flow nasal cannula and nasal continuous positive airway pressure. J Perinatol. 2014 Jan; 34(1):27-32. PMID: 24071905.
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    27. Kukreja R, Locke RG, Hack D, Paul DA. Knowledge of preconception health care among primary care physicians in Delaware. Del Med J. 2012 Nov; 84(11):349-52. PMID: 23409465.
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    28. Vellanki H, Antunes M, Locke RG, McGreevy T, Mackley A, Eubanks JJ, Western M, Emberger J, Paul DA. Decreased incidence of pneumothorax in VLBW infants after increased monitoring of tidal volumes. Pediatrics. 2012 Nov; 130(5):e1352-8. PMID: 23045561.
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    29. de Jongh BE, Locke R, Paul DA, Hoffman M. The differential effects of maternal age, race/ethnicity and insurance on neonatal intensive care unit admission rates. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2012 Sep 17; 12:97. PMID: 22985092.
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    30. Locke R, Stefano M, Koster A, Taylor B, Greenspan J. Optimizing patient/caregiver satisfaction through quality of communication in the pediatric emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2011 Nov; 27(11):1016-21. PMID: 22068060.
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    31. Locke R, Caum J, Bartoshesky L, Musumeci M, Atkins D. Medical-legal partnerships: lawyers and physicians working together to improve health outcomes. Del Med J. 2011 Aug; 83(8):237-45. PMID: 21980717.
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    32. Paul DA, Mackley A, Novitsky A, Zhao Y, Brooks A, Locke RG. Increased odds of necrotizing enterocolitis after transfusion of red blood cells in premature infants. Pediatrics. 2011 Apr; 127(4):635-41. PMID: 21402638.
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    33. Mackley AB, Locke RG, Spear ML, Joseph R. Forgotten parent: NICU paternal emotional response. Adv Neonatal Care. 2010 Aug; 10(4):200-3. PMID: 20697219.
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    34. Paul DA, Zook K, Mackley A, Locke RG. Reduced mortality and increased BPD with histological chorioamnionitis and leukocytosis in very-low-birth-weight infants. J Perinatol. 2010 Jan; 30(1):58-62. PMID: 19710675.
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    35. Bruno CJ, Locke R, Mackley A, Paul DA. The association between maternal body mass index and severity of neonatal illness in very low birth weight infants. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2009 Jul; 22(7):560-4. PMID: 19488942.
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    36. Paul DA, Mackley A, Locke RG, Ehrenthal D, Hoffman M, Kroelinger C. Increased preeclampsia in mothers delivering very low-birth-weight infants between 1994 and 2006. Am J Perinatol. 2009 Jun; 26(6):467-72. PMID: 19399704.
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    37. Chong E, Dysart KC, Chidekel A, Locke R, Shaffer TH, Miller TL. Heat shock protein 70 secretion by neonatal tracheal tissue during mechanical ventilation: association with indices of tissue function and modeling. Pediatr Res. 2009 Apr; 65(4):387-91. PMID: 19127221.
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    38. Paul DA, Mackley A, Locke RG, Stefano JL, Kroelinger C. State infant mortality: an ecologic study to determine modifiable risks and adjusted infant mortality rates. Matern Child Health J. 2009 May; 13(3):343-8. PMID: 18473130.
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    39. Locke RG, Srinivasan M. Attitudes toward pay-for-performance initiatives among primary care osteopathic physicians in small group practices. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2008 Jan; 108(1):21-4. PMID: 18258697.
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    40. Sturtz WJ, Touch SM, Locke RG, Greenspan JS, Shaffer TH. Assessment of neonatal ventilation during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2008 Jan; 9(1):101-4. PMID: 18477922.
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    41. Joseph RA, Mackley AB, Davis CG, Spear ML, Locke RG. Stress in fathers of surgical neonatal intensive care unit babies. Adv Neonatal Care. 2007 Dec; 7(6):321-5. PMID: 18097216.
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    42. Kierson JA, Dimatteo DM, Locke RG, Mackley AB, Spear ML. Ghrelin and cholecystokinin in term and preterm human breast milk. Acta Paediatr. 2006 Aug; 95(8):991-5. PMID: 16882575.
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    43. Paul DA, Leef KH, Locke RG, Bartoshesky L, Walrath J, Stefano JL. Increasing illness severity in very low birth weight infants over a 9-year period. BMC Pediatr. 2006 Feb 06; 6:2. PMID: 16460568.
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    44. Paul DA, Locke R, Zook K, Leef KH, Stefano JL, Colmorgen G. Racial differences in prenatal care of mothers delivering very low birth weight infants. J Perinatol. 2006 Feb; 26(2):74-8. PMID: 16407965.
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    45. Locke R, Paul D, Touch S, Mackley A, Maduskuie V, Fawcett P. Cytokine load in prestorage leukoreduced PRBC transfusions in premature infants. J Perinatol. 2005 Aug; 25(8):526-30. PMID: 15908985.
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    46. Paul DA, Locke R, Walrath J, Esterly K, Stefano JL. Is infant mortality in Delaware truly increasing? Evidence for increasing illness severity and shift to fetal deaths and previable births. Del Med J. 2004 Nov; 76(11):399-404. PMID: 15617447.
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    47. Di Pentima MC, Doyle R, Locke R, Tuttle D. Late-onset Mycobacterium abscessus sepsis in a very low birthweight premature infant: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Am J Perinatol. 2004 Aug; 21(6):365-8. PMID: 15311374.
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    48. Parikh NA, Locke RG, Chidekel A, Leef KH, Emberger J, Paul DA, Stefano JL. Effect of inhaled corticosteroids on markers of pulmonary inflammation and lung maturation in preterm infants with evolving chronic lung disease. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2004 Mar; 104(3):114-20. PMID: 15083986.
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    49. Kantor Herring MJ, Leef KH, Locke RG, Stefano JL, Bartoshesky L, Paul DA. Are perinatal risk factors helpful in predicting and optimizing treatment strategies for transient hypothyroxinemia in very-low-birth-weight infants? Am J Perinatol. 2003 Aug; 20(6):333-9. PMID: 14528403.
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    50. O'Connor D, Funanage V, Locke R, Spear M, Leef K. Leptin is not present in infant formulas. J Endocrinol Invest. 2003 May; 26(5):490. PMID: 12906379.
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    51. Spear ML, Leef K, Epps S, Locke R. Family reactions during infants' hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit. Am J Perinatol. 2002 May; 19(4):205-13. PMID: 12012282.
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    52. Locke R. Preventing obesity: the breast milk-leptin connection. Acta Paediatr. 2002; 91(9):891-4. PMID: 12412859.
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    53. Paul DA, Leef KH, Locke RG, Stefano JL. Transfusion volume in infants with very low birth weight: a randomized trial of 10 versus 20 ml/kg. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2002 Jan; 24(1):43-6. PMID: 11902739.
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    54. Resto M, O'Connor D, Leef K, Funanage V, Spear M, Locke R. Leptin levels in preterm human breast milk and infant formula. Pediatrics. 2001 Jul; 108(1):E15. PMID: 11433094.
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    55. Spear ML, Hassink SG, Leef K, O'Connor DM, Kirwin SM, Locke R, Gorman R, Funanage VL. Immaturity or starvation? Longitudinal study of leptin levels in premature infants. Biol Neonate. 2001 Jul; 80(1):35-40. PMID: 11474147.
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    56. Maxwell MW, Locke RG, de Yanez N, Ekbladh L, Esterly KL, Lieberman J, Rosen H. MOMMA. Multi-centered On-going Mothers Monitoring Algorithm for perinatal behavioral health. Del Med J. 2000 Nov; 72(11):489-94. PMID: 11125665.
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    57. Locke R, Baumgart S, Locke K, Goodstein M, Thies C, Greenspan J. Effect of maternal depression on premature infant health during initial hospitalization. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1997 Mar; 97(3):145-9. PMID: 9107123.
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    58. Locke RG, Greenspan J. Effects of different intermittent mandatory ventilation rates on oxygen consumption in premature infants recovering from respiratory distress syndrome. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1995 Jun; 95(6):366-9. PMID: 7615407.
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    59. Locke RG, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH, Rubenstein SD, Greenspan JS. Inadvertent administration of positive end-distending pressure during nasal cannula flow. Pediatrics. 1993 Jan; 91(1):135-8. PMID: 8416477.
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    60. Greenspan JS, Wolfson MR, Locke RG, Allen JL, Shaffer TH. Increased respiratory drive and limited adaptation to loaded breathing in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatr Res. 1992 Sep; 32(3):356-9. PMID: 1408475.
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    61. Locke R, Greenspan JS, Shaffer TH, Rubenstein SD, Wolfson MR. Effect of nasal CPAP on thoracoabdominal motion in neonates with respiratory insufficiency. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1991; 11(3):259-64. PMID: 1758748.
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    62. Locke RG, Salvia JV. Pharmacologic manipulation of the respiratory control center in the infant. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1990 Jul; 90(7):602-4, 607-12. PMID: 2198244.
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