Thomas Jefferson University

Rubeena Zakar

TitleVolunteer Faculty
InstitutionThomas Jefferson University
DepartmentFaculty Records and Publicatio - Thomas Jefferson University
Address1025 Walnut Street
Philadelphia PA 19107
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    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Faculty can login to make corrections and additions.
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    1. Zakar R, Zakar NM, Shahzad R, Tekian A, Fischer F. Community health needs assessment: findings from a community-university partnership strengthening program on maternal and child health in Pakistan. BMC Public Health. 2025 Feb 17; 25(1):654. PMID: 39962471.
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    2. Akram S, Akhtar AM, Zakar R. Randomized controlled trial on the treatment of Hypoferritinemia without Anemia: Comparing oral and intravenous iron supplementation among reproductive age women in Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2025 Jan; 41(1):286-294. PMID: 39867782.
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    3. Saleem J, Zakar R, Iqbal S, Arshad M, Shahzad R, Batool M, Nawaz M, Butt MS, Fischer F. Effects of prebiotics on microbial diversity and abundance in young children with acute malnutrition: study protocol for a multi-centered, double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2024 Nov 26; 25(1):798. PMID: 39593072.
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    4. Ahsan Q, Saleem J, Ishaq M, Zakar R, Abbas S, Shahzad R, Khan SM, Fischer F. Determinant factors and coping strategies for depression among pregnant women: an intervention-based qualitative study in Lahore, Pakistan. BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Nov 19; 24(1):829. PMID: 39563299.
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    5. Zakar R, Iqbal S. Editorial: Social determinants of women's health in low and middle income countries. Front Glob Womens Health. 2024; 5:1482047. PMID: 39530038.
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    6. Ur Rehman A, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Hani U, Fischer F. Protocol for a cross-sectional study on factors affecting health-related quality of life among Afghan refugees in Pakistan. F1000Res. 2021; 10:971. PMID: 38827571.
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    7. Arshed M, Mahmud A, Minhat HS, Lim PY, Zakar R. Effectiveness of a Multifaceted Mobile Health Intervention (Multi-Aid-Package) in Medication Adherence and Treatment Outcomes Among Patients With Hypertension in a Low- to Middle-Income Country: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2024 Jun 19; 12:e50248. PMID: 38896837.
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    8. Jabeen S, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. Experiences of family caregivers in dealing with cases of advanced breast cancer: a qualitative study of the sociocultural context in Punjab, Pakistan. BMC Public Health. 2024 04 12; 24(1):1030. PMID: 38609905.
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    9. Ullah K, Saleem J, Zakar R, Ishaq M, Khattak FA, Majeed F, Sadiqa HA, Fischer F. Exploring the reasons for defaulting from childhood immunization: a?qualitative study in Pakistan. BMC Public Health. 2024 02 08; 24(1):408. PMID: 38331754.
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    10. Saleem J, Zakar R, Butt MS, Aadil RM, Ali Z, Bukhari GMJ, Ishaq M, Fischer F. Application of the Boruta algorithm to assess the multidimensional determinants of malnutrition among children under five years living in southern Punjab, Pakistan. BMC Public Health. 2024 01 12; 24(1):167. PMID: 38216908.
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    11. Butt MS, Saleem J, Zakar R, Aiman S, Bukhari GMJ, Fischer F. Comparison of physical activity levels and dietary habits between women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and healthy controls of reproductive age: a case-control study. BMC Womens Health. 2024 01 08; 24(1):29. PMID: 38191428.
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    12. Shahbaz S, Zakar R, Howard N. Anaesthesia provision challenges in public hospitals of Pakistan's Punjab province: a qualitative study of expert perspectives. BMJ Open. 2023 12 21; 13(12):e075108. PMID: 38135328.
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    13. Batool M, Saleem J, Zakar R, Butt MS, Iqbal S, Haider S, Fischer F. Relationship of stunting with water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices among children under the age of five: a cross-sectional study in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. BMC Public Health. 2023 11 03; 23(1):2153. PMID: 37924076.
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    14. Jafree SR, Shah G, Zakar R, Muzamill A, Ahsan H, Burhan SK, Javed A, Durrani RR. Characterizing Social Determinants of Maternal and Child Health: A Qualitative Community Health Needs Assessment in Underserved Areas. Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Aug 07; 11(15). PMID: 37570465.
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    15. Arshed M, Zakar R, Umer MF, Kiran M, Ullah N, Iftikhar G, Fischer F. Efficacy of mHealth and education-led peer counseling for patients with hypertension and coronary artery disease in Pakistan: study protocol for a double-blinded pragmatic randomized-controlled trial with factorial design. Trials. 2023 Jul 10; 24(1):448. PMID: 37424031.
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    16. Tariq J, Zakar R, Ali MV, Zakar MZ, Sajjad A, Fischer F. Determinants of physical, psychological, and social well-being in older adults: a cross-sectional study in senior care facilities of Pakistan (2019/20). BMC Geriatr. 2023 06 05; 23(1):349. PMID: 37277717.
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    17. Butt MS, Saleem J, Zakar R, Aiman S, Khan MZ, Fischer F. Benefits of physical activity on reproductive health functions among polycystic ovarian syndrome women: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2023 05 12; 23(1):882. PMID: 37173672.
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    18. Batool M, Saleem J, Zakar R, Iqbal S, Shahzad R, Butt MS, Haider S, Fischer F. Double-Blind Parallel Treatment Randomized Controlled Trial of Prebiotics' Efficacy for Children Experiencing Severe Acute Malnutrition in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Children (Basel). 2023 Apr 26; 10(5). PMID: 37238332.
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    19. Iqbal S, Maqsood S, Zakar R, Fischer F. Trend analysis of multi-level determinants of maternal and newborn postnatal care utilization in Pakistan from 2006 to 2018: Evidence from Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys. BMC Public Health. 2023 04 04; 23(1):642. PMID: 37016374.
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    20. Saleem J, Ishaq M, Butt MS, Zakar R, Malik U, Iqbal M, Fischer F. Oral health perceptions and practices of caregivers at children's religious schools and foster care centers: a qualitative exploratory study in Lahore, Pakistan. BMC Oral Health. 2022 12 24; 22(1):641. PMID: 36566188.
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    21. Alam MB, Shahid M, Alzghoul BI, Yang J, Zakar R, Malik NI, Bibi A, Tang K. The Effects of Financial Stress and Household Socio-Economic Deprivation on the Malnutrition Statuses of Children under Five during the COVID-19 Lockdown in a Marginalized Region of South Punjab, Pakistan. Children (Basel). 2022 Dec 21; 10(1). PMID: 36670563.
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    22. Rehman AU, Khalid SN, Zakar R, Hani U, Zakria Zakar M, Fischer F. Patients' perception of the pharmacovigilance system: A pre-diagnostic and post-interventional cross-sectional survey. Front Pharmacol. 2022; 13:936124. PMID: 36467063.
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    23. Shahbaz S, Zakar R, Fischer F, Howard N. Professional Obstacles to Anaesthesiology Practice in Punjab, Pakistan: Qualitative Study of Consultant Anaesthesiologists' Perspectives. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 10 18; 19(20). PMID: 36294008.
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    24. Zakar R, Momina AU, Shahzad R, Shahzad S, Hayee M, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance in the Context of the Health Belief Model: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study in Punjab, Pakistan. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 10 08; 19(19). PMID: 36232189.
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    25. Mahmood QK, Sohail MM, Qureshi WA, Zakar R, Wrona KJ, Fischer F. Role of positive mental health in reducing fears related to COVID-19 and general anxiety disorder in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. BMC Psychol. 2022 Jun 27; 10(1):163. PMID: 35761390.
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    26. Butt MS, Saleem J, Aiman S, Zakar R, Sadique I, Fischer F. Serum anti-M?llerian hormone as a predictor of polycystic ovarian syndrome among women of reproductive age. BMC Womens Health. 2022 05 28; 22(1):199. PMID: 35643521.
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    27. Iqbal S, Zakar R, Fischer F, Zakar MZ. Consanguineous marriages and their association with women's reproductive health and fertility behavior in Pakistan: secondary data analysis from Demographic and Health Surveys, 1990-2018. BMC Womens Health. 2022 04 14; 22(1):118. PMID: 35421973.
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    28. Jafree SR, Zakar R, Rafiq N, Javed A, Durrani RR, Burhan SK, Hasnain Nadir SM, Ali F, Shahid A, Momina AU, Wrona KJ, Mahmood QK, Fischer F. WhatsApp-Delivered Intervention for Continued Learning for Nurses in Pakistan During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of a Randomized-Controlled Trial. Front Public Health. 2022; 10:739761. PMID: 35242728.
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    29. Abbas S, Zakar R, Fischer F, Gilani A. Challenges perceived by nursing professionals in physician-centred organizations: An exploratory qualitative study. Int Nurs Rev. 2022 Sep; 69(3):384-391. PMID: 35088425.
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    30. Zakar R, Momina AU, Shahzad S, Hayee M, Shahzad R, Zakar MZ. COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy or Acceptance and Its Associated Factors: Findings from Post-Vaccination Cross-Sectional Survey from Punjab Pakistan. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 01 24; 19(3). PMID: 35162328.
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    31. Maqsood S, Iqbal S, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. Determinants of overall knowledge and health behaviours in relation to hepatitis B and C among ever-married women in Pakistan: evidence based on Demographic and Health Survey 2017-18. BMC Public Health. 2021 12 30; 21(1):2328. PMID: 34969379.
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    32. Rehman AU, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Hani U, Wrona KJ, Fischer F. Role of the Media in Health-Related Awareness Campaigns on Perception of COVID-19: A Pre-post Study in the General Population of Pakistan. Front Public Health. 2021; 9:779090. PMID: 34869191.
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    33. Saleem J, Zakar R, Bukhari GMJ, Naz M, Mushtaq F, Fischer F. Effectiveness of Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food in Improving the Developmental Potential and Weight of Children Aged under Five with Severe Acute Malnourishment in Pakistan: A Pretest-Posttest Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 08 27; 18(17). PMID: 34501649.
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    34. Saleem J, Zakar R, Mushtaq F, Bukhari GMJ, Fischer F. Comparative analysis of developmental profile between normal and severe acute malnourished under-five children in Pakistan: a multicentre cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2021 08 13; 11(8):e048644. PMID: 34389574.
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    35. Zakar R, Yousaf F, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. Sociocultural Challenges in the Implementation of COVID-19 Public Health Measures: Results From a Qualitative Study in Punjab, Pakistan. Front Public Health. 2021; 9:703825. PMID: 34354975.
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    36. Saleem J, Zakar R, Bukhari GMJ, Fatima A, Fischer F. Developmental delay and its predictors among children under five years of age with uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition: a cross-sectional study in rural Pakistan. BMC Public Health. 2021 07 15; 21(1):1397. PMID: 34266406.
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    37. Abbas S, Isaac N, Zia M, Zakar R, Fischer F. Determinants of women's empowerment in Pakistan: evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys, 2012-13 and 2017-18. BMC Public Health. 2021 07 06; 21(1):1328. PMID: 34229626.
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    38. Iqbal S, Zakar R, Fischer F. Extended Theoretical Framework of Parental Internet Mediation: Use of Multiple Theoretical Stances for Understanding Socio-Ecological Predictors. Front Psychol. 2021; 12:620838. PMID: 34177688.
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    39. Ali H, Zakar R, Junaid K, Khan A, Fischer F. Frequency and reasons for delayed treatment initiation after HIV diagnosis: cross-sectional study in Lahore, Pakistan. BMC Public Health. 2021 05 27; 21(1):1000. PMID: 34044793.
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    40. Omer S, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. The influence of social and cultural practices on maternal mortality: a qualitative study from South Punjab, Pakistan. Reprod Health. 2021 May 18; 18(1):97. PMID: 34006307.
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    41. Shahbaz S, Ashraf MZ, Zakar R, Fischer F, Zakar MZ. Psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on university students: Understanding apprehensions through a phenomenographic approach. PLoS One. 2021; 16(5):e0251641. PMID: 33984059.
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    42. Shahbaz S, Ashraf MZ, Zakar R, Fischer F. Psychosocial, emotional and professional challenges faced by female healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak in Lahore, Pakistan: a qualitative study. BMC Womens Health. 2021 05 12; 21(1):197. PMID: 33980243.
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    43. Zakar R, Iqbal S, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. COVID-19 and Health Information Seeking Behavior: Digital Health Literacy Survey amongst University Students in Pakistan. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 04 11; 18(8). PMID: 33920404.
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    44. Saleem J, Ishaq M, Zakar R, Suddahazai IHK, Fischer F. Experiences of frontline Pakistani emigrant physicians combating COVID-19 in the United Kingdom: a qualitative phenomenological analysis. BMC Health Serv Res. 2021 Mar 31; 21(1):291. PMID: 33789650.
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    45. Iqbal S, Zakar R, Fischer F. Predictors of parental mediation in teenagers' internet use: a cross-sectional study of female caregivers in Lahore, Pakistan. BMC Public Health. 2021 02 08; 21(1):317. PMID: 33557795.
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    46. Jafree SR, Zakar R, Ahsan H, Mustafa M, Fischer F. Impact of microfinance health interventions on health-related outcomes among female informal workers in Pakistan: a retrospective quasi-experimental study. BMJ Open. 2021 01 05; 11(1):e043544. PMID: 33402411.
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    47. Shahbaz S, Zakar R, Fischer F. Anesthesia Health System Capacities in Public Hospitals of Punjab, Pakistan. Inquiry. 2021 Jan-Dec; 58:469580211059740. PMID: 34894837.
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    48. Amjad A, Imran A, Shahram N, Zakar R, Usman A, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. Trends of caesarean section deliveries in Pakistan: secondary data analysis from Demographic and Health Surveys, 1990-2018. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2020 Dec 02; 20(1):753. PMID: 33267787.
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    49. Jabeen S, Rathor A, Riaz M, Zakar R, Fischer F. Demand- and supply-side factors associated with the use of contraceptive methods in Pakistan: a comparative study of demographic and health surveys, 1990-2018. BMC Womens Health. 2020 11 30; 20(1):265. PMID: 33256703.
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    50. Abbas S, Zakar R, Fischer F. Qualitative study of socio-cultural challenges in the nursing profession in Pakistan. BMC Nurs. 2020; 19:20. PMID: 32308557.
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    51. Iqbal S, Maqsood S, Zafar A, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. Determinants of overall knowledge of and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS transmission among ever-married women in Pakistan: evidence from the Demographic and Health Survey 2012-13. BMC Public Health. 2019 Jun 21; 19(1):793. PMID: 31226969.
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    52. Manzoor I, Zakar R. Sociodemographic determinants associated with parental knowledge of screening services for thalassemia major in Lahore. Pak J Med Sci. 2019 Mar-Apr; 35(2):483-488. PMID: 31086537.
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    53. Jafree SR, Zakar R, Mustafa M, Fischer F. Mothers employed in paid work and their predictors for home delivery in Pakistan. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018 Aug 03; 18(1):316. PMID: 30075757.
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    54. Sattar T, Ahmad S, Zakar R, Maqsood F. Watering the Plant in Another's Courtyard: An Ethnographic Exploration of Daughters' Devaluation Through Sex-Selected Abortions Among the Rural Married Females in South Punjab, Pakistan. J Interpers Violence. 2021 05; 36(9-10):4490-4519. PMID: 30071766.
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    55. Zakar MZ, Zakar R, Mustafa M, Jalil A, Fischer F. Underreporting of stillbirths in Pakistan: perspectives of the parents, community and healthcare providers. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018 Jul 16; 18(1):302. PMID: 30012104.
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    56. Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Zaheer L, Fischer F. Exploring parental perceptions and knowledge regarding breastfeeding practices in Rajanpur, Punjab Province, Pakistan. Int Breastfeed J. 2018; 13:24. PMID: 29988704.
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    57. Kraemer MUG, Bisanzio D, Reiner RC, Zakar R, Hawkins JB, Freifeld CC, Smith DL, Hay SI, Brownstein JS, Perkins TA. Inferences about spatiotemporal variation in dengue virus transmission are sensitive to assumptions about human mobility: a case study using geolocated tweets from Lahore, Pakistan. EPJ Data Sci. 2018; 7(1):16. PMID: 30854281.
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    58. Tariq J, Sajjad A, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. Factors Associated with Undernutrition in Children under the Age of Two Years: Secondary Data Analysis Based on the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2012?2013. Nutrients. 2018 May 26; 10(6). PMID: 29861467.
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    59. Saleem J, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Belay M, Rowe M, Timms PM, Scragg R, Martineau AR. High-dose vitamin D3 in the treatment of severe acute malnutrition: a multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2018 05 01; 107(5):725-733. PMID: 29722846.
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    60. Amjad A, Amjad U, Zakar R, Usman A, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. Factors associated with caesarean deliveries among child-bearing women in Pakistan: secondary analysis of data from the Demographic and Health Survey, 2012-13. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018 04 23; 18(1):113. PMID: 29685129.
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    61. Mian NU, Alvi MA, Malik MZ, Iqbal S, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Awan SH, Shahid F, Chaudhry MA, Fischer F. Approaches towards improving the quality of maternal and newborn health services in South Asia: challenges and opportunities for healthcare systems. Global Health. 2018 02 06; 14(1):17. PMID: 29409528.
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    62. Iqbal S, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. Factors associated with infants' and young children's (6-23?months) dietary diversity in Pakistan: evidence from the demographic and health survey 2012-13. Nutr J. 2017 Dec 06; 16(1):78. PMID: 29208001.
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    63. Mustafa M, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Chaudhry A, Nasrullah M. Under-Five Child Mortality and Morbidity Associated with Consanguineous Child Marriage in Pakistan: Retrospective Analysis using Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys, 1990-91, 2006-07, 2012-13. Matern Child Health J. 2017 05; 21(5):1095-1104. PMID: 28044269.
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    64. Iqbal S, Maqsood S, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. Continuum of care in maternal, newborn and child health in Pakistan: analysis of trends and determinants from 2006 to 2012. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017 03 09; 17(1):189. PMID: 28279186.
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    65. Iqbal S, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. Perceptions of adolescents' sexual and reproductive health and rights: a cross-sectional study in Lahore District, Pakistan. BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2017 02 23; 17(1):5. PMID: 28231860.
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    66. Jalil A, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. Patient satisfaction with doctor-patient interactions: a mixed methods study among diabetes mellitus patients in Pakistan. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017 02 21; 17(1):155. PMID: 28222721.
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    67. Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Aqil N, Chaudhry A, Nasrullah M. Determinants of maternal health care services utilization in Pakistan: evidence from Pakistan demographic and health survey, 2012-13. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2017 Apr; 37(3):330-337. PMID: 27981860.
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    68. Jafree SR, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. Nurse perceptions of organizational culture and its association with the culture of error reporting: a case of public sector hospitals in Pakistan. BMC Health Serv Res. 2016 Jan 05; 16:3. PMID: 26728071.
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    69. Zakar R, Nasrullah M, Zakar MZ, Ali H. The association of intimate partner violence with unintended pregnancy and pregnancy loss in Pakistan. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2016 Apr; 133(1):26-31. PMID: 26797196.
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    70. Kraemer MU, Perkins TA, Cummings DA, Zakar R, Hay SI, Smith DL, Reiner RC. Big city, small world: density, contact rates, and transmission of dengue across Pakistan. J R Soc Interface. 2015 Oct 06; 12(111):20150468. PMID: 26468065.
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    71. Jafree SR, Zakar R, Zakar MZ. Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight of Children Among Employed Mothers in Pakistan. Matern Child Health J. 2015 Sep; 19(9):1993-2002. PMID: 25656725.
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    72. Nasrullah M, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Abbas S, Safdar R. Circumstances leading to intimate partner violence against women married as children: a qualitative study in Urban Slums of Lahore, Pakistan. BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2015 Aug 25; 15:23. PMID: 26302901.
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    73. Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Aqil N, Nasrullah M. Paternal factors associated with neonatal deaths and births with low weight: evidence from Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2006-2007. Matern Child Health J. 2015 Jul; 19(7):1634-42. PMID: 25630403.
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    74. Jafree SR, Zakar R, Fischer F, Zakar MZ. Ethical violations in the clinical setting: the hidden curriculum learning experience of Pakistani nurses. BMC Med Ethics. 2015 Mar 19; 16:16. PMID: 25888967.
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    75. Jalil A, Zakar R, Zakar MZ. A Secondary Analysis of Maternal Factors Determining Low Birth Weight in Pakistan. Iran J Public Health. 2015 Jan; 44(1):136-7. PMID: 26060786.
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    76. Nasrullah M, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Abbas S, Safdar R, Shaukat M, Kr?mer A. Knowledge and attitude towards child marriage practice among women married as children-a qualitative study in urban slums of Lahore, Pakistan. BMC Public Health. 2014 Nov 06; 14:1148. PMID: 25374265.
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    77. Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Qureshi S, Fischer F. Harnessing information technology to improve women's health information: evidence from Pakistan. BMC Womens Health. 2014 Sep 04; 14:105. PMID: 25189632.
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    78. Nasrullah M, Zakar R, Zakar MZ. Child marriage and its associations with controlling behaviors and spousal violence against adolescent and young women in Pakistan. J Adolesc Health. 2014 Dec; 55(6):804-9. PMID: 25123525.
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    79. Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Aqil N. Adverse birth outcomes associated with consanguineous marriage in Pakistan. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2014 Nov; 127(2):211-2. PMID: 25103072.
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    80. Rizvi Jafree S, Zakar R, Zakar MZ. Gender segregation as a benefit - a qualitative study from Pakistan. J Nurs Manag. 2015 Nov; 23(8):983-93. PMID: 25039295.
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    81. Bugvi AS, Rahat R, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Fischer F, Nasrullah M, Manawar R. Factors associated with non-utilization of child immunization in Pakistan: evidence from the Demographic and Health Survey 2006-07. BMC Public Health. 2014 Mar 06; 14:232. PMID: 24602264.
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    82. Nasrullah M, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Kr?mer A. Girl-child marriage and its association with morbidity and mortality of children under 5 years of age in a nationally-representative sample of Pakistan. J Pediatr. 2014 Mar; 164(3):639-46. PMID: 24367981.
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    83. Nasrullah M, Zakar R, Kr?mer A. Effect of child marriage on use of maternal health care services in Pakistan. Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Sep; 122(3):517-24. PMID: 23921855.
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    84. Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Mikolajczyk R, Kraemer A. Spousal violence against women and its association with women's mental health in Pakistan. Health Care Women Int. 2013; 34(9):795-813. PMID: 23790086.
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    85. Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Kraemer A. Men's beliefs and attitudes toward intimate partner violence against women in Pakistan. Violence Against Women. 2013 Feb; 19(2):246-68. PMID: 23448911.
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    86. Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Faist T, Kraemer A. Intimate partner violence against women and its related immigration stressors in Pakistani immigrant families in Germany. Springerplus. 2012; 1:5. PMID: 23984223.
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    87. Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Kr?mer A. Voices of strength and struggle: women's coping strategies against spousal violence in Pakistan. J Interpers Violence. 2012 Nov; 27(16):3268-98. PMID: 22585115.
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    88. Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Mikolajczyk R, Kr?mer A. Intimate partner violence and its association with women's reproductive health in Pakistan. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2012 Apr; 117(1):10-4. PMID: 22257768.
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    89. Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Hornberg C, Kraemer A. Coping strategies adopted by pregnant women in Pakistan to resist spousal violence. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2012 Jan; 116(1):77-8. PMID: 22036062.
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    90. Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Kraemer A. Primary health care physicians' response to the victims of spousal violence against women in Pakistan. Health Care Women Int. 2011 Sep; 32(9):811-32. PMID: 21834720.
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